Abstract
The article, based on data from the Kyiv School of Economics and RDNA3/RDNA4 reports, examines the scale of direct damage to Ukraine’s critical infrastructure caused by Russian aggression in 2022–2024. It is established that the total amount of direct losses reached 169.8 billion USD, and long-term needs for restoration are estimated at 524 billion USD. The sectoral (energy, transport, housing and communal services) and geographical features of the destruction are analyzed. Systemic problems of public management of reconstruction are identified: corruption risks (on the example of NPP “Ukrenergo”), low efficiency of the corporatization model of state-owned enterprises, and delays in project implementation (on the example of restoring water supply to Mykolaiv). Positive foreign experience is presented (Costa Rica, Uruguay, Indonesia). A strategic framework for recovery is outlined (RDNA4 reports, National Critical Infrastructure Protection Plan, DREAM digital ecosystem) and the financial gap is characterized, which is 9.96 billion USD by 2025. Recommendations are proposed: introduction of mandatory due diligence, development of regionally differentiated performance indicators, and adoption of a single nationwide recovery plan.
References
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