Abstract
The article substantiates the theoretical and methodological foundations for the development of institutional support for the technological competitiveness of Ukraine’s economy and identifies the expected results of implementing the strategic priorities of state policy in this area. It is argued that under the conditions of war, deep structural transformations of the national economy, and intensifying global technological competition, the formation of an effective institutional system to support technological development becomes a key prerequisite for economic modernization and strengthening the country’s innovation potential. It is proved that particular importance is attached to the formation of a comprehensive system of strategic management of technological development, which ensures the coherence of public policy in the fields of science, innovation, industry, investment, and education. The necessity of improving the institutional architecture of the state technological policy is substantiated, including the development of mechanisms of intersectoral interaction between the state, research institutions, business, and civil society, as well as the formation of an effective governance framework for technological development. The importance of strategic planning and the use of technological foresight tools for identifying promising directions of scientific and technological development and concentrating resources on building long-term competitive advantages of the national economy is emphasized. The key directions for the development of institutional support for technological competitiveness are revealed, including the activation of investments in research and development, the development of technology transfer institutions and innovation support mechanisms, improvement of public-private partnership instruments, attraction of international financial assistance and private investment, and the development of human capital and the national scientific and technological potential. Particular attention is paid to the need to preserve intellectual capital, modernize the education system, stimulate technological entrepreneurship, and create conditions for engaging highly qualified specialists in the implementation of innovative and technological projects. It is proved that the implementation of the defined strategic priorities will contribute to the intensification of commercialization processes of scientific research results, expansion of technological modernization of production, increased automation and digitalization of economic processes, and growth of the share of high-tech products in industrial output and exports. The importance of the development of dual-use technologies and defense technological innovations is also highlighted as a factor in strengthening the defense-industrial potential of the state and stimulating the diffusion of technological innovations into the civilian sector of the economy. It is established that an important result of implementing the strategic priorities will be the deepening of Ukraine’s integration into the European and global innovation and technological space, which will expand access to advanced technologies, international sources of financing, and global markets for innovative products. It is concluded that the development of institutional support for technological competitiveness creates the preconditions for the formation of a modern model of economic development in Ukraine based on innovation, knowledge, and advanced technologies, while also strengthening the international competitiveness of the national economy and its integration into global value chains.
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