Abstract
This article examines the models used by EU and NATO member states that engage in international military-technical cooperation, how to work with these organizations, and how to legally adapt them to the current state of Ukraine. The comparative legal analysis conducted allows us to formulate the following author's proposals for improving Ukrainian legislation in the field of military-technical cooperation. Codification of legislation on military-technical cooperation (MTC). The current system of public law governing MTC lacks coherence; legal norms governing MTC are found in various places, including substantive and procedural provisions of general laws; executive decrees; and regulatory acts published by government agencies. To create a coherent and structured framework for international military-technical cooperation, it is important to adopt a single law on international military-technical cooperation, which will establish the legal principles governing military-technical cooperation, the entities involved, the institutional bodies responsible for military-technical cooperation, and the procedures for such cooperation. For Ukraine’s participation in PESCO projects as a foreign country, participation (previously established by a 2024 decision) will depend on establishing the status of a participant, arbitrary secrecy rules, reviewing intellectual property rights, and establishing responsibilities between all relevant parties – all of which are not covered by current legislation. Comparative legal analysis of information security has shown that achieving effective legal protection of defense information requires a clear distinction between public and private organizations, for example, between public and private structures, independent security audits and compliance with international standards such as ISO/IEC 27001 (ISO 14001), as well as compliance with the NATO INFOSOC Code of Conduct. The proposed amendments to the Law of Ukraine “On the Basic Principles of Ensuring Cybersecurity of Ukraine” and various regulatory acts on the protection of state secrets should be made. The most urgent direction of further research is monitoring the implementation of more than 20 bilateral security agreements concluded by Ukraine in 2022–2025: it is the analysis of the gaps between their declarative provisions and actual implementation that will allow formulating the evidence base for the development of a model Law on International Military-Technical Cooperation.
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