Abstract
The article analyzes foreign experiences in shaping mechanisms of public personnel management in the healthcare sector, based on a comparative study of practices in Japan, the USA, Germany, and Canada. It is shown that the effectiveness of human resource management in the medical field largely depends on a combination of state regulation, stable financing, professional development of personnel and incentive systems. The theoretical part of the study substantiates the importance of personnel development as a strategic factor for improving the quality of medical services, managerial efficiency and public trust in state institutions. Comparative analysis demonstrates that in countries with well-developed health systems (Canada, Germany, Japan), public personnel management is implemented through the integration of state policy, professional development mechanisms and social guarantees. In particular, Japan is characterized by a multi-level system of workforce planning and centralized quality control; Germany combines public and private insurance with a high degree of social responsibility among health professionals; Canada features effective coordination between federal and provincial authorities and stable tax-based funding. By contrast, the US experience highlights the limitations of a private insurance model, which creates financial barriers for citizens and complicates the maintenance of a sustainable workforce. The results allow us to conclude that successful foreign practices for forming mechanisms of public personnel management rest on combining strategic state oversight, institutional support for continuous professional development, transparent financing systems and effective motivational tools. The proposed approach may be used to improve the Ukrainian health care system by aligning personnel management with European standards, ensuring workforce stability and enhancing the quality of public services.
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