Keywords
transhumanism
artificial intelligence
ethical challenges
digital transformation
philosophy
technological progress
human identity
How to Cite
Abstract
The article examines the philosophical concepts of posthumanism and transhumanism in the context of cultural changes caused by the rapid development of artificial intelligence. The relevance of the study is due to the need to rethink the nature of man and his place in the world through the prism of technological progress. The main problems are identified as ethical challenges and transformations of human subjectivity in the context of the digital revolution. The goal is to scientifically substantiate the philosophical concepts of posthumanism and transhumanism, as well as their impact on cultural changes arising from the development of artificial intelligence. The study is aimed at revealing the evolution of the concepts of posthumanism and transhumanism, in particular their ontological and ethical foundations. The study uses an interdisciplinary approach that combines philosophical, culturological, and hermeneutic analysis. The method of comparative analysis allowed us to identify the differences between posthumanism and transhumanism in the context of their attitude to artificial intelligence and cultural transformations. A phenomenological approach was used to understand the transformations of human subjectivity in the context of technological progress. The practical significance of the study lies in the possibility of applying the obtained results to understand future cultural changes caused by the integration of artificial intelligence into society. The results of the study showed that the influence and integration of artificial intelligence causes significant transformations in social, cultural, and educational structures. The study of the philosophical directions of posthumanism and transhumanism showed that posthumanism rejects traditional anthropocentrism and promotes the revision of human subjectivity through the influence of technological progress, which leads to the transformation of ideas about subjectivity and self-consciousness. In turn, transhumanism retains a humanistic emphasis on man, focusing on his improvement through technological means. It is revealed that posthumanism acts as a responsible humanistic reflection, which offers a new paradigm of knowledge, where a person is considered not as a unique being, but as part of a complex system of being, which includes both living and non-living forms of existence. It is found that the futurological forecasts of transhumanism are often not based on scientifically sound hypotheses, but are more focused on speculative ideas, which leads to contradictions in the interpretation of possible forms of the future of humanity. The conclusions establish that the development of artificial intelligence and the philosophical concepts of posthumanism and transhumanism opens up new opportunities and challenges for understanding the impact of technology on cultural changes. Further scientific research should be aimed at studying the integration of artificial intelligence into socio-cultural processes, taking into account ethical, cultural and metaphysical aspects.
References
1. Coombs, C., Stacey, P., Kawalek, P., Simeonova, B., Becker, J., Bergener, K., & Trautmann, H. (2021). What is it about humanity that we can’t give away to intelligent machines? A European perspective. International Journal of Information Management, 58, 102311. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2021.102311
2. Firdaus, T., Sholeha, S. A., Jannah, M., & Setiawan, A. R. (2024). Comparison of ChatGPT and Gemini AI in answering higher-order thinking skill biology questions: Accuracy and evaluation. International Journal of Science Education and Teaching, 3(3), 126–138. https://doi.org/10.14456/ijset.2024.11
3. Neubauer, A. C. (2021). The future of intelligence research in the coming age of artificial intelligence–With a special consideration of the philosophical movements of trans- and posthumanism. Intelligence, 87, 101563. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intell.2021.101563
4. Saputra, I., Astuti, M., Sayuti, M., & Kusumastuti, D. (2023). Integration of artificial intelligence in education: Opportunities, challenges, threats, and obstacles. A literature review. Indonesian Journal of Computer Science, 12(4). https://doi.org/10.33022/ijcs.v12i4.3266
5. Cole-Turner, R. (2022). Posthumanism and transhumanism. In Encyclopedia of Religious Ethics (pp. 1098–1105). https://doi.org/10.30622/tarr.1610935
6. Ferrando, F. (2013). Posthumanism, transhumanism, antihumanism, metahumanism, and new materialisms: Differences and relations. Existenz: An International Journal in Philosophy, Religion, Politics, and the Arts, 8(2), 26–32. https://www.existenz.us/volumes/Vol.8-2Ferrando.pdf
7. Braidotti, R. (2013). The Posthuman. Polity Press. https://rosibraidotti.com/publications/the-posthuman-2
8. Welsch, W. (2014). Keynote presentation at the International Conference “Mapping Trans- and Posthumanism as Fields of Discourses.” Seoul, Ewha Womans University.
9. Ranisch, R., & Sorgner, S. (2014). Post- and transhumanism: An introduction. Peter Lang. https://www.peterlang.com/document/1044462
10. Jansen, Y., Leeuwenkamp, J., & Urricelqui, L. (2021). Posthumanism and the “Posterizing Impulse.” In Post-Everything: An Intellectual History of Post-Concepts (pp. 215–233). Manchester University Press. https://doi.org/10.7765/9781526148179.00020
11. Jotterand, F. (2010). At the roots of transhumanism: From the Enlightenment to a post-human future. The Journal of Medicine and Philosophy: A Forum for Bioethics and Philosophy of Medicine, 35(6), 617–621. https://doi.org/10.1093/jmp/jhq050
12. Bostrom, N. (2003). Transhumanist FAQ (Version 2.1). World Transhumanist Association. https://nickbostrom.com/views/transhumanist.pdf
13. Walewska, E. M. (2011). Trans-, post- / -humanism, -human. Transformations, 3–4(70–71). http://www.e-transformations.com/archiwum_transformacje/2011/10/20111017161447684.pdf (in Polish)
14. Sapeńko, R., & Trocha, B. (2020). Philosophical and cultural aspects of transhumanism and posthumanism. Future Human Image, 14, 64-72. https://doi.org/10.29202/fhi/14/8
15. Žižek, S. (2009). Żadnego seksu! To jest posthumanizm. Przegląd Filozoficzno-Literacki, 1, 41–52. http://www.pfl.uw.edu.pl/index.php/pfl/article/view/271 (in Polish)
16. Valera, F. J., Thompson, E., & Rosch, E. (1991). The Embodied Mind: Cognitive Science and Human Experience. Cambridge, MA.
17. Dobrodum, O., & Kyvliuk, O. (2021). Transhumanism and posthumanism: Reflection of the human civilization future. Philosophy and Cosmology, 26, 77–89. https://doi.org/10.29202/phil-cosm/26/6
18. Kooli, C. (2023). Chatbots in education and research: A critical examination of ethical implications and solutions. Sustainability, 15(7), 5614. https://doi.org/10.3390/su15075614
19. Firdaus, T. (2025). The philosophical construction of educational science in relation to posthumanism and transhumanism in artificial intelligence. Turkish Academic Research Review, 10(1), 70–83. https://doi.org/10.30622/tarr.1610935
20. Nath, R., & Manna, R. (2021). From posthumanism to ethics of artificial intelligence. AI and Society, 38(1), 185–196. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00146-021-01274-1
21. Guerreiro, J., Loureiro, S. M. C., Romero, J., Itani, O., & Eloy, S. (2022). Transhumanism and engagement-facilitating technologies in society. Journal of Promotion Management, 28(5), 537–558. https://doi.org/10.1080/10496491.2021.2009615
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Copyright (c) 2025 Olexii Varypaiev, Liudmyla Severyn-Mrachkovska, Inna Prudchenko