Keywords
charity
humanitarian aid
Article 201-2
Criminal Code of Ukraine
crime qualification
martial law
How to Cite
Abstract
The article examines the criminal-legal characteristics of abuses in the sphere of charity and humanitarian aid, with a focus on analyzing the elements of crimes stipulated by Article 201-2 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine. This provision establishes liability for the illegal use of humanitarian aid, charitable donations, or gratuitous assistance for profit-making purposes, an issue that gains particular relevance during martial law and other crises. The aim of the study is to systematize the features of this crime, identify the specifics of its qualification, and distinguish it from related offenses, such as fraud (Article 190), misappropriation or embezzlement of property (Article 191), and abuse of power or official position (Article 364). The paper thoroughly analyzes the object, subject, objective, and subjective elements of the crime under Article 201-2, as well as its qualified and especially qualified forms, which include recidivism, actions committed by a group of persons, abuse of official position, or perpetration on an especially large scale. Examples are provided to illustrate qualification, such as a volunteer selling humanitarian goods or an organized group systematically disposing of property during martial law. Special attention is paid to challenges in legal enforcement, including difficulties in proving intent, assessing the scale of damage, and applying aggravating circumstances. The study employs formal-legal analysis, a comparative approach, and the method of interpretation, with the materials drawn from the norms of the Criminal Code of Ukraine, relevant legislation, and hypothetical practical examples. The conclusions highlight the significance of Article 201-2 in combating abuses but point to the need for improving enforcement mechanisms and enhancing coordination among authorities for effective investigations. The research offers both theoretical insights and practical recommendations to strengthen efforts against such crimes in Ukraine.
References
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