Keywords
legislative acts
legal regulation
regulatory policy
ethical standards
regulatory mechanisms
How to Cite
Abstract
In the context of the rapid development of artificial intelligence technologies, there is an urgent need to form effective legal regulation that would ensure a balance between innovative development and the protection of fundamental human rights. Ukraine, being at the stage of regulatory formation in this area, faces a number of challenges, which necessitates the understanding of international experience, in particular the approaches of the European Union and the USA. The purpose of the study is a comprehensive analysis of the current state of legal regulation of the use of artificial intelligence technologies in Ukraine in a comparative context with the legal systems of the EU and the USA in order to identify gaps, challenges and prospects for the formation of national legislation. The methodological basis of the study covers an interdisciplinary approach that combines systemic analysis, comparative legal method, as well as content analysis of strategic documents, regulatory legal acts and analytical publications of 2022–2025. As a result of the study, the current conceptual and regulatory framework of Ukraine in the field of artificial intelligence was analyzed, the main strategic documents (AI Development Concept, Action Plan for 2025–2026) were outlined, and it was also established that there is no special law in Ukraine yet. A thorough comparison of the regulatory models of the EU (AI Act) and the USA (AI Bill of Rights, NIST recommendations) was conducted, in particular by the criteria: the degree of mandatory nature of the norms, the role of the private sector, institutional structure and ethical principles. Five main challenges for the legal regulation of artificial intelligence in Ukraine were identified: fragmentation of the regulatory framework, lack of clear terminology, weakness of institutional coordination, ethical uncertainty and limited influence of the private sector. The practical significance of the results lies in providing clear guidelines for the formation of a balanced regulatory policy on artificial intelligence in Ukraine, taking into account international experience, which can be used in the development of a future special law.
References
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