Keywords
theological approach
scientific approach
church
reform
religious life
service
values
emergence of religion
religious consciousness
religious identity
How to Cite
Abstract
The emergence of religion is a problem that has long troubled both the scientific community and the philosophical and theological discourse. The Church, its reformation and the development of religious life are closely connected with the general social transformations of society. The purpose of the article is to conduct an in-depth analysis of key narratives of scientific and theological approaches to the emergence of the phenomenon of religion. The study examines key approaches of the scientific and theological directions to the emergence of religion. A common feature of scientific concepts of religious consciousness is the desire for its impartial study as the most complex socio-cultural phenomenon that significantly affects the life of both an individual and society. At the same time, the theological approach interprets this as a supernatural act, revelation, or intervention of God, where religion is a response to God’s call, and science seeks universal laws, and theology is the truth of faith. The theological approach to the emergence of religion is a view of it from the inside, from the position of the corresponding religious experience, directly from the religion itself. Its basis is religious beliefs. Religion as a phenomenon was formed as a result of man’s desire to learn more deeply and fully about the peculiarities of the existence of the world, his own place and role in natural processes and society, and the influence of various factors on his existence. The study substantiates that science investigates how things came into being, theology investigates why (by God’s will). The study draws parallels between key approaches to the formation of religion as a defining phenomenon of social development, which imperceptibly continues to shape the directions of development of global society even today.
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