ONTOLOGICAL AND MORAL UNDERSTANDING OF GOODNESS AND EVIL IN THE CHRISTIAN TRADITION

Abstract

The article considered and analyzed the concepts of goodness and evil in Christian ethics. The main emphasis was placed on the consideration and attitude to these concepts of Christian saints, theologians and thinkers. In addition, biblical guidelines on the concepts of goodness and evil were taken into account. The meaning of these statements in ethical thought was clarified. The attitude to the categories of goodness and evil in philosophical ethical thought was taken into account and compared. The understanding of this issue in the philosophy of the Ancient East was revealed. The difference between Christian ethics and secular ethics was also revealed. Attention was focused on the attitude to the categories of goodness and evil at the modern stage. The history and nature of the origin of goodness according to Christian doctrine were indicated and clarified. Much attention in the article was paid to the freedom of choice of man, which has both positive and negative sides. It was found that the nature of evil comes from the free choice of man. The main ways of overcoming evil were also indicated. No less important is the loss of spirituality in a person, which is accompanied by the emergence of various social problems and disasters. The article, based on the analysis of Christian teachings, outlined the paths to salvation and eternal life. Goodness and evil in the teachings of existentialists and compared with Christian postulates are considered. It is noted that a person is the builder of his own life, and the main fight against sin (evil) is entrusted to him. It is also specified that goodness and evil have a deep spiritual and mental meaning, because the root of sin is in man himself. It is important to note that these problems are dialectical in nature.