MECHANISMS FOR EXCHANGING TAX INFORMATION BETWEEN STATES IN THE CONTEXT OF DEGLOBALIZATION: CURRENT STATUS AND PROSPECTS FOR LEGAL IMPROVEMENT

Abstract

The article examines modern mechanisms for exchange of tax information between states in the conditions of deglobalization, which is influenced by the protection of national sovereignty, the growth of the role of domestic legal regimes and the limitation of the influence of international institutions. The main attention is paid to the analysis of legal instruments that regulate the international exchange of information for various taxation purposes. It is noted that traditional exchange mechanisms, in particular exchange on request, have limited effectiveness in the conditions of growth of tax relations between countries. In contrast, the automatic exchange of information introduced within the framework of CRS determines a significantly higher level of transparency and control. The challenges of deglobalization, in particular geopolitical instability, war and forced displacement, the refusal of individual states to participate in multilateral forms of cooperation, as well as differences in domestic legal systems, require the improvement of legal regulation and the formation of flexible mechanisms for cooperation. The study concluded that the key prospects for the development of international tax information exchange are to expand the circle of participants in multilateral agreements, unify approaches to identifying ultimate beneficiaries, and strengthen responsibility for failure to provide or distort information. As a result, the exchange of tax information between states is necessary to effectively combat tax evasion and ensure fairness in taxation at the global level. It allows countries to identify tax offenses and minimize the risks of using offshore schemes to avoid obligations. With the development of technology, automatic exchange is becoming an important tool for ensuring the transparency of financial flows and effective control over tax obligations. Further research will focus on developing more flexible and effective legal mechanisms for the exchange of tax information. In addition, special attention should be paid to the issues of harmonization of national legislation with international standards and adaptation to new forms of the digital economy.