FROM ANALOG TO DIGITAL: TRANSFORMATION OF TECHNIQUES AND TECHNOLOGIES IN PHOTOGRAPHY EDUCATION

Abstract

The article examines the transformation of techniques and technologies in photography education during the transition from the analog to the digital paradigm. The study analyzes changes in photographic thinking, pedagogical strategies, and the structure of art education influenced by the development of digital technologies, software tools, and multimedia platforms. Particular attention is paid to the interaction between analog and digital practices within contemporary curricula, the revitalization of film-based techniques as a response to the immateriality of digital culture, and the formation of new competencies among students in the context of a post-photographic environment. The article argues that digitalization not only alters the photographer’s technical toolkit but also reshapes the epistemological foundations of photography, the boundaries of authorship, and the pedagogical models used in training future artists. The methodological framework is based on interdisciplinary approaches combining historical and technical analysis of photographic technologies with theoretical concepts developed by classical and contemporary photography scholars. The research employs content analysis, critical interpretation of visual media, comparative pedagogical analysis, and structural-functional methodology. Results. The study identifies the key directions of transformation in photography education under digital conditions: a change in the technological foundation, which shifts pedagogical focus from technical discipline to analytical and multimedia competencies; the development of hybrid educational models integrating film and digital photography, thus balancing analog slowness with digital flexibility; the revitalization of analog practices, which serve both cultural and pedagogical functions by counteracting the “simplifying effect” of digital technologies and fostering material and tactile experience; the integration of networked media platforms and emerging technologies (VR/AR, 3D, algorithmic systems), which expands the boundaries of photographic practice and reshapes professional training. The findings demonstrate that digitalization forms a new visual culture in which photography operates not only as a technique of representation but also as a media, analytical, and creative practice.